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{
    "id": 177966,
    "url": "https://info.mzalendo.com/api/v0.1/hansard/entries/177966/?format=api",
    "text_counter": 106,
    "type": "speech",
    "speaker_name": "Mr. Kenneth",
    "speaker_title": "The Assistant Minister, Ministry of State for Planning, National Development and Vision 2030",
    "speaker": {
        "id": 167,
        "legal_name": "Peter Kenneth",
        "slug": "peter-kenneth"
    },
    "content": " Mr. Speaker, Sir, I beg to reply. (a) I have quite a long answer which I need to break down and give it to the hon. Member. The poverty index is generated by comparing what an individual consumes on basic needs and the minimum threshold for survival expressed as a poverty line. The consumption expenditure on basic needs has two components; food and non-food items. Through a household survey which is based on individual households, each has to report on its consumption of all food and non-food items. 3526 PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES November 25,2008 The analysis of such data then provides information on what individuals consume for both food and non-foods, all expressed in Kenya shillings. A poverty line is also generated to distinguish the poor from the non-poor as follows. First, a food poverty line is derived on the basis of energy needs of the human body as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). Using a crisis, the minimum cost per basket of food item that provides this energy level is generated. That is the food poverty line. In Kenya, it is at Kshs988 per month in the rural areas, and Kshs1,472 per adult per month in urban areas. Poverty is not static and could also vary by season. The index changes whenever a new survey data is collected to update the previous figures. There have been different indices for: 1994 which was 47 per cent, 1997 which was 52 per cent and the year 2005/2006 which was 46 per cent. Such changes may result from development initiatives in an area, as well as worsening or improvement of standards of living within an area that could be caused by various factors such as drought, poor harvest and cyclo-economic factors such as inflation, unemployment, interest rates and debts. (b) Poverty estimates at the divisional level are not available for the last financial year for all constituencies. Poverty estimates are desegregated to the district level as allowed by the current national sample survey evaluation programme. Generally, unless it is a census, getting desegregated data to low levels is subject to very high sampling errors, which require large samples that are very expensive to run. The National Statistics Bureau used small area estimation techniques by combining the 1999 population and housing census and the welfare monitoring survey of 1997 to derive lower level poverty estimates. This formed the basis for lower level poverty estimates of 1999."
}